Functions

Like in Algebra, a function has an input and an output. For example, lets create a function called 'Drive'.
We will input a argument called 'speed', and the output will be the change in speed of the robot. Below is
what this function would look like: 
function Drive( speed )
	
	setLeftMotor( speed )
	setRightMotor( speed )

end
If we wanted to call the function 'Drive', it would look something like this: 
Drive(100)
Note that function names are also case-sensitive: setLeftMotor(5) will work, but setleftmotor(5) will not.

Variables

A variable is a stored value.  When the code is run, the variable names will be substituted with the 
current value.  So if you have a line like:

j = 0

Any instance of j will be substituted with 0 when the code is running.  The value of a variable can be 
reassigned any time.  You can, for example, use this to store the return value of a function.

j = getFrontRange()

Just like function names, variable names are case-sensitive.  
Variables are usually tied to a specific function, but a ?global variable? is a variable that exists 
outside of a specific function, and can be accessed or overwritten by any function in the program.  

variable assignment:
(variable name) = (value)

if Statements

The if statement is a control structure you can use to change what code executes depending on your
data. The else will occur if the above if condition is not true. Note: else are optional. 
number = getFrontRange()

if number < 5 then
	DriveBackwards()
else
	DriveForward()
end

Lua Visual Specific functions

void setLeftMotor(int):  This will set the motor to the speed of the first argument, where positive 
values are forward and negative values are backwards.

void setRightMotor(int): Same as above, but for the right motor.  

int getFrontRange(): will return the value of the front range-finding sensor.  Use this in an if control 
structure to determine if the robot should turn or reverse.

void ChangeState(int): will change the current state of the robot to the integer value given.  

int getAngle(): returns the angle the robot is currently facing.